Eastern Mole
Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eastern Mole: https://marylandbiodiversity.com/species/770
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130 Records

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Status

Eastern Moles prefer well-drained, sandy or loamy soils where they can easily dig and find lots of earthworms to eat. They can be found in woodlands, fields, lawns, gardens, and golf courses.

Relationships

Preferred prey includes worms, slugs, centipedes, spiders, ants, and other insects. They are frequently hunted by other mammals and birds of prey. Small mammals such as voles, mice, and shrews reuse their tunnels.

Seasonality Snapshot

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Source: Wikipedia

Eastern mole[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Eulipotyphla
Family: Talpidae
Genus: Scalopus
É. Geoffroy, 1803
Species:
S. aquaticus
Binomial name
Scalopus aquaticus
Eastern mole range
Synonyms

Sorex aquaticus Linnaeus, 1758

Skeleton of an Eastern mole
Molehill

The eastern mole or common mole (Scalopus aquaticus) is a medium-sized North American mole. It is the only species in the genus Scalopus. It is found in forested and open areas with moist sandy soils in northern Mexico, the eastern United States and the southwestern corner of Ontario in Canada.

The eastern mole has grey-brown fur with silver-grey underparts, a pointed nose and a short tail. It is about 16 centimetres (6.3 in) in length including a 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long tail and weighs about 75 grams (2.6 oz). Its front paws are broad and spade-shaped, specialized for digging. It has 36 teeth. Its eyes are covered by fur and its ears are not visible.

The eastern mole spends most of its time underground, foraging in shallow burrows for earthworms, grubs, beetles, insect larvae and some plant matter. It is active year-round. It is mainly solitary except during mating in early spring. The female has a litter of two to five young in a deep burrow.

Subspecies

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A majority of the moles throughout their range are Scalopus aquaticus aquaticus. All the other subspecies exist in small pocket ranges.

Subspecies of Scalopus aquaticus[3]
Subspecies Name Range
S. a. aquaticus Eastern mole Throughout the mainland United States and Canada
S. a. anastasae Anastasia Island mole Anastasia Island, a small close-to-shore island off of St. Augustine, Florida.[4]
S. a. bassi Englewood mole The area within and surrounding Englewood, Florida.[5]
S. a. texanus Presidia mole The Rio Grande near and between the Cibolo and Alamito Creeks.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Hutterer, R. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 301–302. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ Matson, J.; Woodman, N.; Castro-Arellano, I.; de Grammont, P.C. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Scalopus aquaticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41471A115188304. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T41471A22319923.en. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  3. ^ "Explore the Taxonomic Tree".
  4. ^ "Anastasia Island Mole (Scalopus aquaticus anastasae) mEAMOa_CONUS_2001v1 Habitat Map - ScienceBase-Catalog".
  5. ^ "Mammalogy 39436: Scalopus aquaticus bassi".
  6. ^ "Presidio Mole (Scalopus aquaticus texanus) mEAMOt_CONUS_2001v1 Habitat Map - ScienceBase-Catalog".
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